Cellphones are not necessary in teenagers’ lives Essay

No, cellphones are not necessary in teenagers’ lives. I admit this because I think cellphones ruin teenagers’ social life. First of all, teens like to use their cellphones to text. Something that is wrong about this is that these teenagers only will talk over text but, never face to face. Besides texting on their phone, they also like to go on social networks such as Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, and Tumblr. Other teens that use these social networks can start rumors about you that may or may not be true. This can lead to people talking behind your back at school and not having any friends that want to talk to you. Furthermore, teenagers having a cellphone can stop them from going out as much. The advantage of going out with yours friends is to socialize and have fun. There would be no point to going out if you have a cellphone because you can just call each other or talk online. These are a few examples of how having a cellphone can ruin a teenagers’ social life. As a teenager having a cellphone distracts me on a daily basis. For instance, when having a conversation with someone it makes it hard for me to concentrate to what the person in front of me is saying when an incoming message is sent. Also, having a cellphone beside you while doing your homework is not a great idea. While doing your homework you can randomly get a text message or a notification which makes it hard to focus on your work and easy to get distracted by your phone. So instead of doing your homework you will probably be playing a game on your phone. In addition to getting distracted while doing homework, teenagers also get distracted while doing their chores. This can lead them to not getting their chores done and later on getting in trouble by their parents. In brief, being a teenager and having a cellphone distracts me in many ways and most likely distracts other teenagers as well. Finally, having a cellphone when you are a teenager lacks productivity. Teenagers sit somewhere for hours doing nothing that is important. For example, you go on your phone and check your Twitter, Tumblr, and Instagram over and over again. Also, teenagers get so attached to their phone that they forget about their homework and the next day try to come up with excuses on why it is not done. Teenagers should go outside and breathe the fresh air but when you are on your phone you manage to sit around for hours which is not very healthy for your body.

Spanish American War: War over Rough Riders Reign

War over Rough Riders Reign With president William McKinney taking charge in order to protect his Americans living in Cuba from the Spanish, he sent over the U. S. S Maine. But on the way over, the barbarous uncivilized Spaniards blew up the ship before it could arrive at its chosen destination. â€Å"Remember the Maine! † was cheered by Americans all over the country. George Dewey valiantly storms his American Navy into Manila Bay. Dewey’s dominance was distinct. Spain lost 384 men in this battle, America lost only 1. Dewey sacrificed 11,000 troops in the Philippines and joined forces with the Filipinos Rebels. This greatly intimidated the Spanish and made the United States very intrepid. The Rough Riders, which are a volunteer cavalry under the command of Leonard Wood and Teddy Roosevelt, and 17,000 American troops, invaded the port city of Santiago in June, 1898. The Rough Riders were definitely the combatants of this battle and caused the Americans to paramount. They were so victorious that the Rough Riders led another battle; The Battle of San Juan Hill was a famous land battle that started on July 1st, 1898. Two days later, the doltish Spanish attempted to escape the American blockage of Santiago Harbor. They were unsuccessful and eventually surrendered on July 17th, 1898. American troops raided Puerto Rico in a conclusion to the last battle. This led to yet another American triumph. The United States is celebrating its victory in this brief war over Spain. As a result of winning the war, our American government has forced Spain to sign the Treaty of Paris. The clauses of this treaty are that Cuba will become independent, Spain will give Puerto Rico and the Pacific Island of Guam to the United States, and the United States will pay 20 million dollars for the annexation of the Philippines Islands. In this short 16 week war, 5,400 Americans lost their lives defending our country against the brutal Spanish. So in the end the United States was once again victorious and protected the weaker countries from certain demise of the debased Spaniards. GO U. S. A.!!!!!!!

Business Model of Amazon

Opening of the internet to commercial activity, the creation of naming conventions for URLs and the development of a user friendly and free interface i. e. the browser were the three major developments that led to the advent of what is known as â€Å"e-business†. As the economy has moved from agrarian to industrial to information age, the focus of the businessmen or the wealthy and powerful has also shifted in terms of the ways of obtaining wealth or doing business. In the agrarian age there was shortage of land which made ownership of land as the determinant of value.Powerful land barons typically accumulated vast tracts of land and coerced people who were bound to the land and owned by the feudal lord into living on and working it. As economy moved from agrarian to industrial age, physical assets owned by a firm became the determinants of value and shortage of raw-materials led the powerful industrialists to conspire to control the supply of raw materials. In this age, the m arket could absorb as much product as the industrialists could produce.The current era in which we live has been defined as the information age wherein relationships and intellectual capital are more important than anything else. One is not worried about physical assets anymore. Companies don’t compete with each other over superior products as they are largely commoditized rather compete increasingly on the basis of value added customer services. The economic battles of today are fought over the mind-space of consumers. In the information age power-play customers are not passive participants, in the way that land and raw materials were in the agrarian and industrial ages.In fact, according to Zang Hailing, it is the customers' time that is in short supply, and therefore for any firm to succeed, emphasis needs to be given to the importance of reducing the customers' time to adopt a new product. Thus, in a world where technology is changing every day and the transformation of c onsumers has happened from â€Å"Price Takers† to â€Å"Price Makers† as they are armed with more options and information; the companies that control more and more customer relationships will be the ones that hold the power in an industry and reap the lion's share of the profits.E-commerce or e-business is an important tool that enables companies to reach out to the global market at low cost and provides abundant information about the consumers’ requirements and preferences easily which was not so easy earlier. Following figure is a glimpse of the promising future that the ecommerce industry holds. The US E-commerce has seen a 40% increase in the sales over the past 5 years as a percentage of the total retail sales in US. Source: http://ycharts. com Now when thinks about e-commerce, the first name that comes to everyone’s mind is that of Amazon. com.Not only most of the people have heard about it but there are many people who have actually used its servic es. Amazon was not only one of the few of the companies that thrived throughout the period in which many dot-com companies struggled to survive but has been constantly performing exceptionally well in terms of revenue per visitor which is one of the key parameters for any commercial website. Amazon has had one of the fastest growths in the internet’s history with revenues reaching $2, 8 billion in the first five years with Google’s revenue reaching only $15bn in the first five years.Now, just like any other traditional business in order to clearly understand an e-business one needs to have information on the following components: a) Business Strategy which determines the products and service offerings by the firm, the firms targeted customers and the firms value proposition. It also helps firms decide on the choices and the tradeoffs that the firm needs to make. b) Organizational form or structure c) Business processes which refer to the unique ways in which organizati ons coordinate and organize work activities, information, and knowledge to produce a product or service. ) Value Chain i. e. the sequence of activities that a firm undertakes to create value, including the various steps of the supply chain but also additional activities, such as marketing, sales, and service. e) Core Competencies which are the collective learning’s of the firms and being distinctive create long term competitive advantage for the firm. From the beginning, the focus of Amazon. com has been on offering their customers compelling value. In the current report filing dated 04/13/12, Jeffrey Bezos, the founder and CEO of Amazon. om writes â€Å"We realized that the Web was, and still is, the World Wide Wait. Therefore, we set out to offer customers something they simply could not get any other way, and began serving them with books. We brought them much more selection than was possible in a physical store (our store would now occupy 6 football fields), and presente d it in a useful, easy-to-search, and easy-to-browse format in a store open 365 days a year, 24 hours a day. † The Value Proposition offered by Amazon. com is â€Å"earth’s largest selection—24/7, at competitive price. † Amazon. om has continuously focused on improving the shopping experience owing to which they substantially enhanced their stores in 1997. Though they started off with books, they now offer customers gift certificates, 1-ClickSM shopping, and vastly more reviews, content, browsing options, and recommendation features. The company’s stated goal was to â€Å"be Earth’s most customer centric company for three primary customer sets: consumers, sellers and developers. † It targeted its first set of customers through its initial retail model where it sold only books.It offered the perfect combination of low prices, large selection and convenience or customer experience. The digital media allowed limitless inventory, boosted c ustomer care and allowed higher margins and hence lowest prices. In 15 years Amazon went from 1 category to 16 main categories of books. Amazon began with books and needed to grow big fast. From 1995-1998, Amazon moved from books to music and again through the same combination moved to become the biggest seller of music in just 120 days! Amazon moved on develop its own digital driven supply chain and distribution network by hiring from the expert: Wal-Mart.Amazon accelerated development through its strategy of â€Å"Build, buy, partner† a) Build: Amazon keeps on creating new categories. For example, Amazon kicked off a new service by the name MyHabit. com in May 2011 that made fashion available to consumers directly from designers and boutique brands. b) Buy: When there is a lot of competition in any area and the competitors have a strong hold, Amazon believes in buying out the incumbent. Few of the acquisitions made by Amazon include Internet Movie Database  (IMDb), Zappos (an online shoe and apparel retailer) etc. ) Partner: Amazon has also entered into a lot of merchant partnerships. It offers its technological service and ecommerce expertise to third- parties. For example in October 2011, Amazon. com announced a partnership with DC Comics for the exclusive digital rights to many popular comics, including Superman, Batman, Green Lantern, The Sandman, and Watchmen. As mentioned before as well, Amazon want to be the â€Å"world’s most customer-centric† company, and so their focus is on the â€Å"Customer Service†. It ensures customer loyalty through three main approaches: a) Recurring usage b) Seamless Integration c) Lock-inThe following table tells us how Amazon uses all above mentioned approaches for its both customers: Sellers and consumers. | Sellers| Consumers| Recurring Usage| a. Developed a customer base close to 615mn users that can’t be ignored by sellers b. Ensures profit through optimized and reliable technology c. Developed a trusted Brand name| a. Created an ecosystem through Kindle b. Stores user’s media library c. Offers personalization to customers d. Gives special offers everyday| Seamless Integration| a. Monitors sellers rating ratings posted by consumers and expels sellers with bad ratings b.Offers Fulfillment by Amazon service(FBA) which allows third party sellers to use Amazon’s large warehouse and distribution network| a. For customers, all the sellers are highly commoditized and invisible. They buy it because of the Amazons brand value b. Get benefitted by Amazon Prime and free super saver shipping| Lock-in| a. By controlling or owning the customer accounts b. High level of infrastructure development required to ensure same level of customer service as offered by Amazon| a. By providing digital content that works only on Kindle b. Amazon Prime Program which requires annual subscription| | c. | c. |Amazon developed a value chain of itself for internal appraisal so as to identify its strengths and weaknesses that would help it add value and maintain a competitive advantage. Amazon uses the value chain model from Michael Porter’s book, â€Å"Competitive Advantage: Creating and Sustaining Superior Performance. † The first table represents the Primary activities of Amazon which are needed to produce a product or services for the end customers. Inbound logistics| Operations| Outbound logistics| Marketing ; Sales| Service| Avoids the overhead and large amounts of inventory carrying cost because it orders the books from the distributors. Easy and fast payment systems. Online customer systems and feedback. | Operates a number of transportation hubs that they refer to as injection points. Injection point locations are located in heavily customer concentrated areas. | Customer tracking  is an Amazon stronghold through which it provides personalized customers’ experience| Free return policy within 30 days. Uses marketplace to incr ease channel and range of goods through 3rd parties and customers. Highly reduced returns to suppliers (such as unsold books and media) due to available accurate forecasting technology | Customized buyer experience| Ability to aggregate orders bound for specific locations. | Interactive shipping and parceling price calculations. Free delivery based on single transaction spends. | Price comparison of new products with used products in marketplace shops. | Efficiently gathering information about customer experiences to inform service inputs and inventory controls. | 24 hour warehouse operations to meet customer demands. |   Utilizes the capabilities of its supply chain partners to deliver orders directly to ustomers which bypass the Amazon. com internal distribution center network|   Discounts and price reductions made available with suggested product mixes. Similar products recommended to customers interactively. | Offers customers gift certificates, 1-Click SM shopping, and vast ly more reviews, content, browsing options, and recommendation features. | The next table gives information about the various support activities performed by Amazon which help to facilitate or assist its primary activities. | Value Creation| Cost Reduction| Firm Infrastructure| Huge central customer data warehouse available to all business units. Amazon’s single technology platform with services being incrementally distributed to other worldwide locations, reduces costs by leveraging investments | Human Resource Management| Amazon. com has a great training for its employees resulting in talented, smart and hard working group. Offers employees unique benefits such as medical, paid time off and stock grants and relocation allowances and hence attract highly skilled workers| Amazon utilizes independent contractors and temporary personnel to supplement their workforce, particularly on a seasonal basis.Although Amazon has works councils and statutory employee representation obliga tions in certain countries, Amazon’s employees are not represented by a labor union| Technology Development| High investments in technology development (e. g. , Kindle) to best leverage digital products. Innovations such as personalized recommendations, one-click ordering, and search inside the book are all Amazon. com innovations. Highly customized software applications that support their supply chain business model. For example, Amazon. om is linked into Ingram's systems to see Ingram inventory levels when deciding whether to use Ingram to drop ship an order to a customer | Building an IT strategy, IT infrastructure and Data Centre on Linux open source software thus reducing cost of technology development. Renting computing resources to other companies reduce total cost of ownership Using standard hardware systems from HP to reduce cost of maintenance and compatibility| Procurement| Utilizes a Sales and Operations (S&OP) planning process to determine forecasts for each rodu ct that it stores in its distribution center inventoryUses the strategic business unit – Booksurge to keep a rich inventory of digital copies of books so as to make this readily available for customers through print-on-demand and reduce the time of delivery | Specially built distribution Centers, warehouses and fulfillment Centers to increase the speed of order processing thus avoiding transaction costs of contracting out| In addition to the business strategies the value chain components mentioned above, the success of Amazon. om can be attributed to the entrepreneurial spirit of its founder & chief executive officer Jeff Bezos and the strong inclination of the firm towards bringing about innovation in the business model. Let us discuss both factors one by one. Entrepreneurial Spirit of Jeff Bezos: Jeff Bezos can be regarded as the forward-looking CEO responsible for the success of Amazon. com. He has not only efficiently managed the present but through his long term vision a lways taken steps to create the future. The computer science and electrical engineering graduate from Princeton University moved to Seattle after resigning as a Senior Vice-President at D.E. Shaw, a Wall Street investment bank. At the time Bezos didn’t know much about the Internet but he came across a statistic that the Internet was growing at 2300%, which convinced him that it was a large growth opportunity. Without knowing anything more, he plunged into the world of e-commerce with no prior retailing experience. It was his decision to locate the company in Seattle because it had a large pool of technical talent and since it was close to one of the largest book wholesalers located in Rosenburg, Oregon.Moreover, the sales tax laws for online retailers state that one has to charge sales tax in the state in which one is incorporated. Therefore it was logical to locate in a small state. Under his guidance and logical thinking Amazon. com quickly became the leader in e-commerce. Operating 24 hours a day, the site was user-friendly and encouraged browsers to post their own reviews of books and offering discounts, personalized recommendations, and searches for out-of-print books. In June 1998 it began selling CDs, and later that year it added videos.In 1999 Bezos, looking at the future trends, added auctions to the site and invested in other virtual stores. The success of Amazon. com encouraged other retailers, including major book chains, to establish online stores. As more companies battled for Internet dollars, Bezos saw the need to diversify, and by 2005 Amazon. com offered a vast array of products, including consumer electronics, apparel, and hardware. And with the Jeff Bezos vision to make every book ever in print in any language available to the consumer in 60 seconds, Amazon launched the handheld device called Kindle in 2007.Bezos is the quintessential dot-com icon. He proved to the business world that the Internet was about more than knowledge. He pr oved that it is possible to overcome fears about purchasing online, to drive down transaction costs, and to build an international e-commerce business over the Internet. He had the courage to attempt something that people doubted could be done. . At the age of 35, Jeff Bezos was picked as the 1999 Time person of the year. Describing why it chose Bezos, Time magazine said, â€Å"Bezos’  vision  of the online retailing universe was so complete, his Amazon. om site so elegant and appealing that it became from Day One the point of reference for anyone who had anything to sell online. † Innovation in the Business Model: Amazon survived the dot-com bust because it had a viable and innovative  business model  built around a market-changing customer value proposition and a radical profit formula and over it has been able to sustain its position as the leader in e-commerce by bringing about continuous innovations in its business model. Let us look at some of the differe nt dimensions wherein Amazon. om has been able to bring about business innovation. a) Offerings: By offering a handheld device dedicated to reading, Kindle, Amazon. com revolutionized the books industry. By creating a product like Kindle, the created a perfect, integrated and streamlined customer experience. b) Platform: With Amazon Web Services, Fulfillment By Amazon, and Kindle Direct Publishing, Amazon is creating powerful self-service platforms that allow thousands of people to boldly experiment and accomplish things that would otherwise be impossible or impractical. ) Customers: In 2002 Amazon launched a web services platform and identified a new area of potential growth by finding another new customer—the IT community. Serving this new customer's needs required different processes, different resources, and a different profit formula—in short, another  new business model. d) Customer Experience: 1-Click combined with Gift-Click and Wish List made Amazon. com the most convenient, easiest-to-use shopping destination the holiday season.Wish List allows customers to post the gifts they'd most like to receive from family and friends, while Gift-Click allows customers to send gifts easily by entering just the e-mail addresses of their recipients. e) Value Capture: By opening up its storefront to other retailers that were essentially competitors, Amazon transformed its business from direct sales to a sales-and-service model, aggregating many sellers under one virtual roof and receiving commissions from the other companies' sales. ) Supply Chain: Fulfillment by Amazon service (FBA) by Amazon is a classic example of innovating business model through supply chain. FBA allows third party sellers to use Amazon’s large warehouse and distribution network and in the last quarter of 2011, shipped tens of millions of items on behalf of sellers. When sellers use FBA, their items become eligible for Amazon Prime, for Super Saver Shipping, and for Amaz on returns processing and customer service.From the above discussion of Amazon’s business strategy, value chain analysis and the success factors we can conclude that Amazon has a robust Business model. Amazon’s business model fends off all the four threats. It has the costly-to-imitate financial and technological resources, it has developed protection against holdup by seamlessly vertically integrating its both the customers i. e. the sellers and the consumers. Reduced slack by locking-in the customers and the sellers and fights substitution through innovation in business model.

State sovereignty 'led inexorably to the Holocaust and atomic warfare' Essay

State sovereignty 'led inexorably to the Holocaust and atomic warfare' - Essay Example Two major historical traumas that occurred in the 20th century – the Holocaust and atomic warfare, both involved countries that exercised its full sovereign rights which led many nations to the Second World War. Around six million Jews died in the hands of the Nazi, a political party which represented the legal government of Germany in 1933 (Florida Center for Instructional Technology, 2011). On the other hand, over 200,000 Japanese civilians died when the United States aircraft dropped atomic bombs in the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki -- a decisive action of the United States to put an immediate end of war and prevented further loss of lives (The Atomic Archive, 2011). Looking back at the scale of atrocities done by totalitarian and militarist governments over the past century, the role and obligation of the world community to intervene in the state affairs during humanitarian crises confronts a crucial challenge to the idea of state sovereignty. In today’s globalized community, the act of a state or group of states to use force in order to protect the lives of people other than their own citizen defies the main tenant on the codification of state sovereignty – that is the right of a state to exercise its ultimate authority within its territory. Viewpoint & Assumption Can the catastrophic events of the Holocaust and atomic warfare be attributed to the absolute exercise of state sovereignty? To examine this position, a careful analysis of the sovereignty principle and an exploration of the historical events are needed in order to establish the claim. This is rightly done so, because to say that the concept of state sovereignty contributed to the escalation of these catastrophic events of the Second World War is to recognize the justification of humanitarian intervention – the deliberate action of the international community to prevent human rights abuses of governments to its citizen. In this regard, the paper argues that while humanitarian intervention during the Second World War could have prevented the violence of authoritarian states, most nations could not readily commit to wage war because of its social, political and economic cost. The intervention itself can be rightfully justified; because the moment both Japan and Germany entered to war, it already submitted its sovereignty and challenged other nation’s sovereign rights. However, the international community is hesitant in intervening with authoritarian states not only because of social and economic implications of war, but also because no interest was at stake for these nations. The same issue persists on the humanitarian intervention or the lack of it, done in Libya, Syria, and Rwanda. To establish this viewpoint, a historical background of the Second World War events and the prevailing belief about the exercise of sovereignty will provide a better context for the argument. Then, a detailed discussion on the basic principles of sta te sovereignty will establish a clearer understanding for the idea of sovereign right. Following this discussion is the careful examination of the social, political, and economic reasons for the indecision and delay to intervene with German and Japanese powers. The Parallel Events of WWII While it may be argued that the holocaust and the atomic warfare are two distinct events that led to the loss of millions of lives, the main idea is that Germany and Japan were both authoritarian states that touted its some of its people to commit human rights violence during the Second World War. Hitler ordered the extermination of Jews, Gypsies, homosexuals, and the mentally challenged while the Imperial Japanese Army under Emperor Hirohito committed killings against millions of civilians and prisoners of war in China, Korea, and other Asian countries. While these atrocities were committed, it must be noted that the social and economic conditions of major nations such as the United States,

Regional Integration for and Against Articles Research Paper

Regional Integration for and Against Articles - Research Paper Example This basically means that the member states of CAIS are subjected to zero tariffs and customs duty when selling goods and services to other member states. Improvements in cross-border regional logistics might also play an significant role. Secondly, producers and manufacturers of goods and services within a regional integration block benefit from the larger market size. A big market size, is an imperative factor that facilitates innovation. In this case, members of the Central American Integration System are able to apply innovation to reduce some of the fixed costs. Simultaneously, consumers of goods and services will also benefit from larger competition in the product market. However, these effects vitally depend not just on the establishment of a single customs area, but also doing away with barriers to market access. In this case, key progress has been achieved in this respect to the Central American Integration System where companies have equal access to public contracts in all member countries. Thirdly, exporting within the Central American Integration System serves as the first step towards the extension of exports worldwide. In this case, the block initially builds export capacity taking using the low tariff and non-tariff barriers within the region. Then, they leverage this huge capacity to achieve competitive advantage in exporting to other non-member countries. In this case, member countries accumulate their export and make a collective bargaining for the best price and terms of sake for their products. Fourthly, larger extent of regional economic integration can assist member to strengthen their political and economic institutions. As some specialist are delegated to newly founded supranational bodies, and other parameters of economic policy experience cross-country synchronisation, the opportunity arises to revise and review laws, policies and

The Feminine Mystique And The Paradox Of Change - American Women In Essay

The Feminine Mystique And The Paradox Of Change - American Women In The 20th Century - Essay Example As a result of the survey, Friedan formed the view that women were victims of an erroneous contention that their fulfillment in life could only be achieved â€Å"through their husbands and children†¦such a system causes women to completely lose their identity in that of their family† (Friedan 227-268). In contrast to William Chafe, Betty Friedan confines her observations mainly to the period immediately following World War II and to a single group: â€Å"white middle-class suburban communities†¦[and] that men returning from war turned to their wives for mothering† (Friedan 79-123). Friedan draws copiously on her own experiences and â€Å"remembers her own decision to conform to society’s expectations by giving up her promising career to raise children and found that other young women still struggle with this decision† William H. Chafe Chafe’s method of dealing with the development of American women’s position in the 20th century is to consider how women - in regard to both their social and economic status – underwent a series of changes. In order to achieve this, he took as his central theme the factors underlying women’s inequality and evaluated it in terms of their â€Å"political involvement in public life and their economic progress† (Chafe 21; Otero-Cleves 1). By considering how the role of women in the 20th century had developed, he was able to offer the suggestion. â€Å"The assumption that women constituted a separate and inferior category ended up by pervading both the assignment of women personnel and the salaries they were paid†.

Compare two things Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Compare two things - Essay Example On the other hand, the dog is the domesticated type of the gray wolf, and that gives the reason for the close resemblance between the two. Studies on their genetic drift have provided evidence showing that the wolf and the dog have a common ancestry (Spotte 28). North America and the Eurasian regions were the major homes of the global wolf population, but the numbers have been reducing, following an increase in human encroachment. This paper will present a comparison and a contrast of dogs and wolves, to inform people about the similarities and the differences between the two. The similarities between the dog and the wolf include that the two animals belong to the same animal species: the dog belongs to the Canidae family (canis lupus familiaris) and the wolf belongs to the same family (canidae) but the sub-family is the canis lupus. Other similarities include that the two belong to the animalia kingdom; the phylum classification of the two is also the same – they belong to the chordata class (Spotte 28). The two animals belong to the mammalian class of animals; both fall under the carnivora order; the wolf and the dog also belong to the canis genus of animals. These areas of similarity for the dog and the wolf show that they are naturally more similar than many people would believe, despite the fact that many people regard wolves to be very wild – unlike dogs. The second main area of similarity is that the two animals possess hunting abilities, despite the fact that their styles of hunting are relatively different. In the case of dogs – due to its domestication – is more likely to have a weaker hunting instinct (Horowitz 42). Further, their physical characteristics are also affected by their domestication, including that, the teeth of many species of dogs are too small and not strong enough to tear the throat of a dear. These physical changes in the dog are mainly due to its

Financial Statements Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Financial Statements - Essay Example This project aims at studying and analyzing the annual report of Home Depot as submitted to the United States SEC in the year 2008. The basic financial statements including the income statement, the balance sheet and the cash flow statements of the company are studied and mapped against the managerial decision making processes of the company in the specific year under study. The consolidated statement of earnings of Home Depot indicates that the company has been extremely proficient in generating revenues in 2008. The total revenue in 2008 was USD 77349 million. The operating expenses of the company were USD 18755 million. This indicates that the company was much efficient in generating high revenues while being able to maintain much lower operating expenses. The net earnings of Home Depot in 2008 were USD 4395 which is favorable when mapped against the industry requirements. In overall, as per the consolidated statement of earnings of Home Depot, the company was performing at a standard level in the year 2008 (Home Depot Inc., 2008, p. 4). The consolidated statement of earnings or the income statement of a company summarizes the revenues that a company has earned during the period of reporting through the sale of its products and services. Also, it includes the expenses that a company has made to produce the revenues during the same period. These expenses may include the selling expenses, overheads, general expenses and depreciation of the assets. The comparison of the revenues and the expenses of a company show the net operating profit of a company. After the deduction of various statutory deductions like taxes and interest expenses, the consolidated statement of earnings of a business represents the net earnings of the company over a specific period of time. The key business decisions like how the return on investment for the company can be improved are

The encapsulation efficiency of a targeted drug delivery system Literature review - 1

The encapsulation efficiency of a targeted drug delivery system consisting of Herceptin-loaded polymers, an evaluation and characterization - Literature review Example There is enough evidence on nature on nanotechnology. For instance, the DNA molecules width is about 2.5nm, the thickness of the human hair is about 10,000nm thick, and the diameter of a hydrogen atom is about 0.1nm that is too small to be seen by human eyes. Nature also produces nanostructures that offer functional proteins, which are of great significance at the cellular level. It is argued that one of the functions of these proteins found in cells is nanotechnological separations. Molecular motors that comprise the human muscles are complex nanomachines that convert chemical energy to mechanical energy with high efficiency. Ribosomes can also produce protein molecules with high precision and photosynthesis is carried out in plants by nanosize cells that use energy to synthesize organic compounds with the use of cheap raw materials (Bender & Nahta, 2008). Pharmacists have confirmed the effectiveness of using Herceptin. Although the medication has raised controversies among scholars, it is confirmed that the medication is of paramount importance in the process of healing. According to Sauter et al. 2009, Herceptinis anticancer medication used mainly to treat early stage malignant cancer of the breast and in some cases cancer of the stomach. This is a condition that has for a long time given medical researchers sleepless nights as many of the medications used currently have been found to have severe side effects. In the process of treatment, Herceptin acts on those tumors which produce the Human Epidermal growth Receptor (HER2 protein) more than the normal amount. Human Epidermal growth Receptor 2 is a protein which enhances the growth of cancer cells. The presence of the cancerous cells leads to excessive production of the HER2 protein hence promoting the metastasis of the cancerous cells to a larger part of the affected area. The

Global strategic management Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Global strategic management - Research Paper Example rkets as centres for consumerism and innovation, improvement of productivity in the developed market, expansion of global networks, the issue of sustainability and the strengthening of role of state as a business partner (McKinsey, 2014). The purpose of this paper is to describe these forces in details to find their expected outcome on the future of the business. There may be many other forces that can shape the nature of the business and society in the future. However, this paper only limits itself to the five above mentioned forces as they are expected to create maximum impact on the business activities. Global forces have been described as external forces which creates significant which are beyond the control of the business. The global business environment is filled with examples where business enterprises have missed global trends and they have not been able to survive in the long-run. For the last ten years there has been a massive change in the consumer market. The role of the Western economies especially the U.S.A. as a dominant centre for consumerism and innovation has fallen. This has been accompanied by an equivalent rise of the emerging economies as a centre for consumerism. It has been observed that Asian countries especially India, China, Indonesia, Vietnam and Latin American countries like Brazil, Argentina and Chile have made significant progress in terms of overall GDP growth of the country and the overall level of standard of living (Vlad, et al., 2011). The per capita income of the middle-class people have increased considerably in these countries. This in turn have raised the purchasing power of the people and boosted consumerism. In an empirical research that has been done by Kharas and Gertz (2010) that in the decade of 80’s and early 90’s the high income countries of the OECD which had accounted for 80% of the global output and captured majority of the world economic growth rate. It has been estimated that by 2009 the share of the

Write choose Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Write choose - Term Paper Example In this respect, the question of how man started hunting and the methods that he applied comes into the fore. Thus, this discussion seeks to assess the methods applied by the early man during hunting. Hunting by fire is one of the methods that have been discovered being used by the early man. Fire was among the first discoveries that early man made, which changed the lifestyle of early man drastically, especially as related to the eating habits of man (Nitecki, 5). The earliest archeological evidences have indicated that the early forms of man were eating raw foods, but the discovery of fire came in handy as a means of enabling man eat a variety of food, as well as helping man insulate against cold. The sooner fire was discovered to be an important item that could change the life of man in different ways, the sooner it was also adapted as a hunting tool, where man could chase after the animals with a lit torch of fire towards the cliffs (Stanford and Bunn, 4). This way, the animals could get injured as they fell down the cliff and man would be able to take them and use them for food. Another method that has been discovered as having been used by early man in hunting is the use of crude weapons such as stones (Nitecki, 12). Amongst the important tools that have proven useful for man during the early human forms is the stones, which were not only used as weapons for protection and security against harmful animals, but also as a tool for digging tubers and roots that man used as food during those days. Eventually, man adapted the stones as tools for hunting, which they could use to chase after animals and throw at them, thus injuring and incapacitating the animals (Stanford and Bunn, 9). The same tools would be used to kill and then slaughter the animals, owing to the fact that the early form of humans had not discovered metallic or any other form of

Tuesdays with Morrie Paper Essay Example for Free

Tuesdays with Morrie Paper Essay Tuesdays with Morrie is a classic piece of literature that depicts an atypical student-teacher relationship. An unusual twist of fate takes the student and this book’s author, Mitch Albom, to once again cross the path of his college professor, whose terminal illness brings both of them to compose their final thesis.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Morrie Schwartz started out as Mitch’s sociology professor back in Brandeis University, Massachusetts.   Mitch could be described as the typical college student who hid beneath his tough impression in order to compensate for his being a year younger to be a freshman. Mitch was a good student and in the long run, despite his initial impression of Morrie, took to the professor’s classes and belief that educating was experience over theory. With their classroom and one-on-one discussions coupled with the number of sociology classes that Mitch took under Morrie, the professor finally encouraged Mitch to write an honors thesis, a year-long task which Mitch proudly submitted to is teacher by spring of that year.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sixteen years after, life has drastically changed for both of them. Mitch became the career-chasing sports journalist, a job he had traded for his dream to become a piano player. Morrie, on the other hand, had been diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a brutal illness of the neurological system. It was a typical night in the life of Mitch, as he was changing channels when he heard the once familiar Morrie Schwartz named in one of the popular nighttime shows on television. It featured his old professor, now stricken with the illness, and all their memories back in college came rolling back to him, including the promise he made during graduation that he would keep in touch with his once favored teacher, one that he never fulfilled.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Back on campus, the relationship of Morrie and Mitch’s as professor and student proved promising. One was a very dedicated teacher, the other, a willing student. Their initial acquaintance was concluded with Morrie hoping that one day, Mitch, as many of his friends called him, would also be his friend.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With most of our generation being in school at one time or another, it would be a truthful observation to say that the relationship between Morrie and Mitch is not the typical teacher-student relationship that we know of. In this time and day, students come and go, and seldom do teachers have the steadfast dedication that Morrie maintained to leave a lasting impression on his students. Although their relationship started out in academics, it eventually developed into a friendship where the old professor became a mentor of life to the young student. They sometimes sat together to eat, had lively discussions about human relationships, and through all these Mitch had agreed to become the player of Morrie, whom he started to call â€Å"Coach.† Despite the need to make up for lost time, the time they met once again, and the Tuesdays after that defined a relationship that was unquestionably one that naturally became a continuation of the friendship they once had.   That reunion after 16 years marked a renewed beginning of a deeper relationship between the two. Both had agreed to meet on Tuesdays immediately after making the pact that the remaining days of Morrie would be devoted to the composition of the â€Å"literature of death.† This would discuss what Mitch pertained to as the issues of his generation such as death, fear, aging, greed, marriage, family, society, forgiveness and a meaningful life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The tape recorded topics of the â€Å"Tuesday people† started with a discussion about the world. Morrie described it as a world where dreams were traded for bigger paychecks, something which Mitch was very guilty of. The culture that the world has generally does not make people feel good about themselves. Morrie suggests that if this is what culture sells you, then you don’t have to buy it. But because of the daily exposure of people to these ads and their promises of beauty, fame, or fortune, they are lured to thinking that being themselves is not enough. As such, each day they fall prey to this very culture that promulgates that what is trendy is equivalent to â€Å"normal.† In the long run, people walk around leading meaningless lives, busy doing things they believe to be important. In their desperation to put meaning in their lives, they chase the wrong things. After chasing these wrong things and end up finding out that they too, are empty, they keep running. And unfortunately this goes on until the day they leave this world.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Each morning that Morrie wakes up and feels sorry for himself, he cries for a few minutes and then moves on, deciding that wallowing in self-pity would not be the way he wanted to live his remaining days. This is what he calls detachment, learning to let go after feeling the moment. Dying is about accepting it as a natural phenomenon in this world. Humans should not be thinking that they are above nature but rather, a part of it. As one of Morrie’s favorite stories said, the wave is not going to crash into the shore and die. Instead, it had to remind itself that it was part of the ocean.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   When asked about the regrets he had in life, Morrie simply said that it is about vanity and pride. He regretted losing a friendship because of pride. This is where the topic on forgiveness comes in learning to forgive yourself, and then forgiving others before you die. Most important of all, despite his impending death, Morrie faced it with the acceptance of a child. Instead of letting the terminal illness disintegrate his spirit, he enjoyed his dependency on other people as a baby would on a nurturing mother. Ironically, awaiting his death ultimately served as their biggest lesson about living. As Morrie put it, â€Å"once you learn how to die, you learn how to live.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Topics in their Tuesday sessions dwelled on the importance of love, spirituality, responsibility and awareness. Morrie pointed out that the most important thing in life is learning how to give out love and letting it come in. Quoting his favorite poet, Auden, Morrie frequently told Mitch, love each other or perish. Over and over throughout the book, Morrie emphasized the importance of love and that it would be the only way for your memory to be alive when you’re gone. If the people you leave will remember that feeling, even if you die, you will never really go away. Although death puts an end to life, it doesn’t end a relationship. The only reason people wished to stay young, as the professor said, was because they never had satisfied and fulfilled lives. It is only when one was able to find meaning in life that they were able to move forward and look forward to their destiny.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What Morrie wanted Mitch to learn was to live a life that was devoted to loving others, the community around you, and being able to create something that gave you meaning and purpose. After loving others, one needs to be able to love the community they live in. Even if every society has its own problems, Morrie proposes that the answer is not about running away but about creating your own culture and embracing your community like your own family. Morrie taught about investing in the human family, in people, by building a community of those you love and those who love you. Showing off to people above you is futile because they will always be looking down on you while showing off to those in the bottom will only cause them to envy you. Status, according to Morrie, gets you nowhere. As the professor once exclaimed, there was nothing wrong with being number two. Who cares?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Other important values during the final days of Morrie were about being compassionate and taking responsibility for each other. He rationalized that the world would be a better place if people had learned these basic lessons in life: regrets, acceptance of death as part of nature, the importance of family, showing emotions, love, and forgiveness. In fact, when Mitch asked Morrie how he wanted to spend his â€Å"last day† on earth, it was neither about being able to experience the exotic nor being a VIP. Surprisingly, it was just about getting in touch with nature, with the people he loved, and enjoying the simple things that truly mattered in life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Among all the things that Mitch has learned from Morrie during his final days, it is the importance of love that proved very essential for me. Even if one had all the riches in the world, clichà © as it may sound, material satisfaction is never enough. Morrie in his final days, as he was stripped of his independence, had learned to be more alive in giving himself, his ideas, to those who wished to hear him out—family, meditation teachers, discussion groups, old students, and friends. He had found more meaning in being able to listen to the problems of other people and contributing in whatever way he can to its solution. He had achieved what he had aspired for in life by having his loved ones surround him in death, rather than hearing of praises when he was on the grave. Morrie imparted the basic idea that indeed, death was not the end of a relationship.   Death was just a phenomenon of nature that we had to understand, that life was not about what society dictated. Life was about living in the moment, being happy with the simple things in life. Not running after the next job, or the next big thing. Paycheck was never in Morrie’s equation of living a happy life. A meaningful life was more about being in touch with those you love, and manifesting that love through affection and uninhibited communication.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As life comes to an end, you only cared about the legacy you leave in this world. How far has your influence gone? Have you told people you cared about that you loved them? Do you want to leave with regrets? Seemingly mediocre to many, these are questions that Morrie challenges us with. As we are posed with these questions, Morrie leaves us the inspiration that we ought to deal with life as if we were dancing with it. Dance with all your heart, with all your might, as if nobody’s looking. If Morrie Schwartz only had the chance, he would have danced his life away, until his last step, until his final breath.

Management Essays Operations Management

Management Essays Operations Management Operations Management This paper will argue the analysis of the book â€Å"The Goal† by Eliyahu M. Goldratt and Jeff Cox. It will stress the positive and negative aspects of the book, and will discuss the criticism and which areas of the book were least interesting. The paper will also emphasize the areas of interest. The Goal is a riveting, fast-paced business novel about overcoming the barriers to making money. It has helped me better understand the fundamentals of identifying and solving problems created by constraints. After finishing the book one will be able to start successfully addressing productivity and quality problems. The authors feature some important aspects of business management; they have explained the theories in simple terms that make it appealing and logical for the readers. In this captivating business novel, which illustrates modern economic theory, Alex Rogo is a UniCo plant manager whose factory and marriage are failing. Alex Rogo manages a failing manufacturing plant, and because he dedicates most of himself to his work his marriage is difficult. When he learns from his district manager that profits must increase or the plant will be closed, Alex realizes he needs assistance. He turns to a former professor, Jonah, whom Alex discovers is now a management consultant. With his help and the help of the plant staff, Alex turns the plant around. However, in the process he also abandons many management principles that he previously thought were ironclad. To regenerate the plant, he follows advice from a vague former college professor who teaches that reduction in the efficiency of some plant operations may make the entire operation more productive. Alexs attempts to find the road to profitability and to keep his employees in the struggle involve the reader. Thankfully the authors economic models including a game with match sticks and bowls are easy to understand. Although some characters are as mysterious as the goods manufactured in the factory, others ring true. Also, the story of Alex and his wifes separation and reunion makes a touching contrast to the rest of the book. The reading is recommended for anyone with an interest in the state of America’s economy. It is energetic and interesting and offers food for thought for managers in any field of work. The performances are natural, with sound effects to enhance a picture of reality. Although it is a novel, its title is more attractive for business collections. Anyone who considers himself a manager should buy and consume this book immediately. If you are the only one in your work place to have read it, your progress to success may suddenly increase as this is one of the most exceptional business books I have ever encountered. After reading The Goal I was very impressed with the way it was written. Reading a business book in a narrative format was something I was not expecting. The narrative format caught and kept my attention throughout the entire book. That explains why it has sold over a million copies. I have since recommended this book to both my family, who manages their own business, and to my friends. It is not just as a book about business but it can help one in every aspect of life. Some of my manager friends who have started the book say that the approach to keep it away from the traditional, boring business books is wonderful and interesting. I enjoyed the fact that the authors allowed the reader figure out what Jonah (an oracle like figure) meant before Alex got it. I felt it did take Alex a long time to understand; and it seemed as though there were some basic changes in his plant that the amateur eye could see but over all, I have nothing but praise for this book. If it was not for Jonah arriving at the plant one could have assumed that Jonah was the subconscious of Alex Rogo and that he had the answers the whole time. I felt that The Goal did an excellent job leaving an open ended question and showing that life is indeed a process of ongoing improvement. Let me explain some of the many levels on which this novel is important. First, the book shows how to view businesses as systems better then any other business book on the market. It compares important works as a guide to constraints and well defines them in everyday life. The metaphor of how to speed up a slow-moving group of boy scouts will be beneficial to anyone who has done any hiking with a group. Second, the book helps you learn how to progress the performance of an organization by providing you with a replicable process that you can apply to analyzing any human or engineering system. The main metaphor is improving a manufacturing process but the same principles apply more broadly to other circumstances. Third, you will experience the power of the Socratic Method as a way to encourage your mind to learn and to use Socratic questions to stimulate the minds of others to become better thinkers. Fourth, the authors use problem simulation as a realistic way to help you experience t he learning process they are advocating. And last, the book is good in bringing home the consequences of allowing your business processes to run in a cycle. Eli Goldratt truly has a modern approach not only to management but also in teaching his theory. The Goal is about the ongoing struggle of a manufacturing plant manger as he searches for a way to save his plant from being shut down. With the leadership of an old high school physics professor Jonah, he develops a tactic to make his factory run more efficiently and become more beneficial. The theory of constraints is a simple theory that is usually the most effective and unnoticed. Goldratt understood that no matter how simple the theory is to comprehend, it would not be as successful unless it was deeply understood. If he were to simply set rules in a textbook style format as to how to approach a constraint, the chances of long-run improvement would be slim. Since business is in a steady stage of change, the constraints within them must also change. Unless the manager has a true comprehension of the theory they will be unable to adjust the environment to the changes to remain successf ul. This book was enormously effective in delivering its message and educating readers on management and accounting theories. Through the text, author Eli M. Goldratt introduces and explains the Theory of Constraints. His main character, Alex Rogo, and Rogos team of plant executives must save a declining production plant by increasing throughput and cutting operational costs. He uses the characters to guide readers through the thought process behind the theory as the characters ask questions and search for answers. Readers are given time to consider these questions and form ideas before the answers to the theory are given. Students can carefully consider all the information and weigh all possibilities to form their own opinions at times his theories become too complex and conflicting. Goldratt has been an especially productive author in recent years. Goldratt has written a novel in which he provides an analysis of those concepts as applied in a imaginary company. He has a cast of characters, a plot, and a context. He relies greatly on conversation to advance the narrative. At times these advanced narratives can be confusing for a new reader, but he tries to explain the theories in an easy and understandable manner. As in any other well-written novel, The Goal examines issues in dispute that create conflicts. Ultimately they are resolved, even if somewhat too neatly. Although of greatest relevance to manufacturing companies, Goldratts Theory of Constraints with suitable modifications can also be of extensive value to other companies with bottlenecks that also delay and often disrupt a process of some kind. The Theory of Constraints portion was a bit put down and the romance line was a little tedious, but all in all it was a decent read. The Goal is a business management book which tries to explain the theory of constrain in a manner that hasn’t been done before. The author’s way of explanation is different and does not feel like a business book, instead gives the feeling of a novel. This new way of narration can at times feel complicated, as it makes a person loss touch with the business and management, and make them involved with the interpersonal conflicts of the book. The Goal introduces the Theory of Constraints, is changing how America does business. The Goal is a fascinating, business novel about overcoming the barriers to making money. It helps to learn the basics of identifying and solving the problems created by constraints. From the moment you finish the book you will be able to start successfully addressing chronic productivity and quality problems. This theory provided a persuasive solution for factories struggling with production delays and low revenues. Theory of Constraints is strange but can be the best resource for organizations that have established improvement. The simplicity of the ideas Goldratt places on constraints helps him teach his ideas. He helps us define our organizational goals and the concepts of productivity throughput, inventory, and operational cost. Jonah the teacher makes Alex and his staff the students discover the questions and answers they have been searching for to save their factory. This work is incredible for any new business manager. It is also a very common sense and basic approach to describing some of the major problems of the manufacturing organization. These problems are easily overlooked when dissecting financial reports. An extraordinarily effective novel for learning management, this novel succeeds in being exceptional at so many levels that it could receive a multiple of five stars. It is difficult to picture a management book in novel form ever approaching this one in usefulness. Most people will learn more that they can apply from this book about management than many learn to apply from an M.B.A. The central story is built around the dilemmas facing Alex Rogo, a newly appointed plant manager. The plant can not seem to ship, its losing money, and bad things can happen to good people if all this does not change soon. Alex is at a loss for what to do until he pulls out a cigar that Jonah had recently given him. That cigar reminds him to contact Jonah for help. From there, the path to revival begins. Unlike many books that take complex ideas and oversimplify them so the ideas lose their meaning, this book simplifies ideas in ways that boost their meaning. They do this by making the ideas easier to view and employ. If you do not understand about typical factory accounting, you may get a little lost from time to time; but that is not a problem. The accounting just alters common awareness of what needs to be done. Companies that do not put an asset charge on operational assets could make the mistake from this book of seeking too little earnings. Companies need to earn on-going returns that surpass the cost of capital, too. The greatest success from this book is The Fifth Discipline following it. The discussion of the beer game simulation in The Fifth Discipline will add to the comprehension of system dynamics. Elis character as a slaughterer of sacred cows began in 1979 when the beginning of his computerized scheduling system disproved the legend that fixed scheduling does not work. This work led to the awareness that the present measurements used on the shop floor are a major stumbling block to improvement and led to the almost unavoidable next development step. But when he attacked Cost Accounting as enemy number one of productivity, he should have produced great conflict. Instead, Eli was sincerely welcomed by both manufacturing and financial people. Many companies are now discarding efficiencies and questioning other uses of cost accounting for making decisions. Today Elis process of ongoing improvement is increasingly accepted as a powerful, practical holistic approach in which other methods such as MRP, Just in Time, Statistical Process Control are synergistically matched. It seems suitable that a man characterized as unconventional but also full of common sense should mask The Goal, a manufacturing textbook, as a novel or, as some say, a love story. It is also appropriate that it should become an underground best seller in boardrooms, universities and on the factory floor. Eli Goldratt demonstrates his intellect both as a scholar and as a teacher with The Goal. The operational ideas that he presents are innovative in their practicality and common-sense approach. These concepts, jointly described as Theory of Constraints have closed the loop for prepared thinking and problem solving. This has lead to a change in this thinking that connected the departments into chains and emphasized up-stream suppliers and down-stream consumers. Where these short falls were in looking at the productivity of the entire chain and providing a problem solving method for continuously improving that productivity, Theory of Constraints provides a problem solving method as well as an executive approach that drives ongoing improvement in any business. The business novel approach is very attractive as a delivery and teaching method. Most of us struggle through the yearly crop of dry business texts that are commonly uninspiring. This book is presented with a storytellers obsession for detail, while still driving the key points of the theory. Every organization can gain from the concepts presented in The Goal. Implementation is not costly, unlike other improvement fads. Theory Of Constraints shows you, the manager, how to hub on what is really important in your operation, in spite of your daily fire drills. In conclusion, â€Å"The Goal† by Eliyahu M. Goldratt and Jeff Cox is a business text camouflaged as a novel. It is a remarkable cast of actors that dramatizes a charming tale of discovery and freedom. In the story the manager of a troubled plant learns from a mathematician turned consultant that many of his management practices and financial assumptions are faulty. After he retools his thinking, he convinces everyone at the factory to get with the new program. The storys flow is slowed by irrelevant dialogue and subplots, but it is still a good story and a appealing format for serving up the authors messagethat businesses weighed down by archaic habits can be wildly beneficial when fresh mathematical methods are used courageously. References Mathematics books, last viewed: 20th May’04 http://mathematicsbooks.org/Business_Economics_Finance_Theory.html

Effect of Violent Video Games on Teenager Behaviour

Effect of Violent Video Games on Teenager Behaviour Maria Alejandra Urroz Gaità ¡n Topic: What Effect Does Playing Violent Video Games Has on Teen’s Behavior Introduction: â€Å"No other sector has experienced the same explosive growth as the computer and video game industry. Our creative publishers and talented workforce continue to accelerate advancement and pioneer new products that push boundaries and unlock entertainment experiences. These innovations in turn drive enhanced player connectivity, fuel demand for products, and encourage the progression of an expanding and diversified consumer base.†[1] (Gallagher, Michael D.; President and CEO, Entertainment Software association) One of the major problems society is facing today is the addiction kids are developing towards electronic devices such as television, computer and video games. Parents complain about their kids getting distracted with those machines, start thinking it’s only their son or daughter, and later realize it’s something that most people at school does. Some see it as normal and now it’s common. Violent video games can lead to, from small changes in behavior to in the worst of all cases, killing someone. How are teenagers reacting to playing video games, and does it affect their behavior even if there’s not an addiction developed. Violent video games can’t be that bad, right? Video games have also proven to have health benefits, and psychological benefits. But what are video games? According to the Oxford Dictionary they are: â€Å"(N.) a game played by electronically manipulating images produced by a computer program on a monitor or other display†[2 ]. The engaging aspect of video games is that they allow the player to become whatever he wants to be. The player is able to become their fantasy, and to experience a life he doesn’t have. The video games allow the player become what they are not, this also makes them feel powerful. People are able to express who they truly are; meaning they are free to do anything they please, even if it’s not considered correct. â€Å"Hard fun is, of course, the idea that we take pleasure in accomplishing something difficult: the joy in meeting and mastering a challenge. As a result, when someone is doing something that is hard fun, moment by moment it looks more like work than fun, but the net effect is pleasurable overall.†[3](Williamson Shaffer, David). The harder the video game is the more interesting it turns out to be for the public, the greater demand it has. People like what challenges them, what makes them think outside their comfort zone and look for brighter ideas that they portray through their reactions and solutions to the situations they face. Are there reasons to start playing video games? Teenagers are the ones who tend to play video games in extended periods of time due to their feeling of lacking control of situations in their lives, so they use video games as a way of controlling what will happen. This essay focuses on violent video games, because those are most teen’s preferences. Playing violent video games have shown to have more and faster influence on its players than educative video games have; they have turned out to be more engaging. The former have shown to have both, good and bad, effects; external situations are what define as to whether teens reflect either effect. The violence in video games can be categorized in different aspects, as to whether the characters are representing people or are fantasy characters, violent video games also have different context in the plot of the video games. There are violent video games which present a justified type of violence, or if it’s killing just for pl easure. What is the story based in how does it begins and ends; some video games have no context of that at all and merely show a story, only reckless killings. Through the essay external factors which affect the reaction teens have to those games. How Video Games Begin: Teens are generally introduced to the violent video games by their friends; they consider it the cool thing, since the media has promoted the game as such. Then they constantly play when they are bored, or with friends. Generally they tend to choose to play violent video games because they are a way for a teen to have control over something, which is what teens are mostly looking forward. They are also looking for a distraction, or an activity so that they can have fun. They start playing violent video games, not because they are looking forward to becoming serial killers, but because they are appealing a way by which they feel they can release their anger without actually being violent; because they can be stressed because of different reasons such as school, or a discussion with their parents and getting to do something where they are the ones that control the actions, relaxes them. Addiction: Teens begin playing video games as hobbies, which then become habits and in no time they become addiction. What differentiates hobbies with habits is that hobbies might be performed eventually but habits are constant making them harder to change. Habits are behavioral patterns developed by repeating the action constantly, so that eventually the brain does it automatically. Habits can be controlled or modified, they tend to become addictions when the person begins feeling the necessity of performing the action but addiction requires professional help and motivation for a change. Playing video games has become an addiction in many cases. ‘Addiction’ comes from the action of being addicted to something; which is being physically and mentally dependent on a substance or behavior. Addictions affect interactions within the structures of the brain, such as the anterior cingulate cortex, amygdala, and accumbens[4], such that a person’s motivation switches to those addictive behaviors; it also affects interactions and neurotransmissions between the cortical and hippocampal circuits which are the sides of the brain in which the rewards are stored, and the person begins to constantly perform actions that were normally a reward[5]. In this case video games are played for many hours on a daily bases, instead of being played for fun becomes the main activity in the person’s routine. The addiction causes, behavioral, cognitive and emotional changes. Behavioral changes are the first symptom to be noticeable to others, such as excessive engagement in video games, and narrowing the actions of the day to end up playing. Cognitive changes become obvious to others when the person begins having difficulties because of the addiction, but continues blaming his problems to the addiction. Emotional changes are those such as an increase in anxiety, and increased sensitivity to stress. A person will present certain symptoms when an addiction is being developed such as: preoccupation, time loss, lack of control, making excuses, and defensiveness. The teen starts to show preoccupation as they do daily activities, and he doesn’t enjoy the activities he is doing, he is worried about continuing playing, or thinking about new strategies to use in his game; the teen stops enjoying outdoor, family or any other type of activities, only worrying about his virtual life. Time loss happens when the person has other activities to do but chooses as a priority to continue playing video games, that also shows lack of control and lack of organization; it might be normal for it to happen once or every once in a while but when it happens repeatedly it’s a sign of an addiction. The individual also makes excuses for postponing more important activities, choosing to play video games instead. Making excuses such as those shows the full engagement the teen has with the games and the lack of interest he has with reality; so the teen is becoming less capable of managing his own time, he may be playing ten minutes more, three hours or as long as the teen is able to keep up playing the game. Positive Aspects: â€Å"I find that many professionals simply havent even considered the alternative arguments. They just go with the mainstream studies, or theyre so wrapped up in their own part of the field its not a consideration. I work hard to try to draw comparisons to the things that they love and feel passionate about. We all have those things that are important to us, but stupid to other people. It becomes easier to discuss gaming when I draw those comparisons.[6] Says Dr. Steve Kuniak, he uses violent video games as a way of having a connection with his patients, since he is a player, he understands why they like video games so much. He has found out that video games have the benefit of coping and wellness. Players of video games, especially when they are young, are able to develop their own world and their own personality. Teens also develop the habit of following instructions, and of analyzing situations better. Many psychologists also contradict the theory of teens isolating themselves from the rest of the world; instead they say that teens have the possibility to socialize more through the possibility of interacting with other players that the video games propose. They will also be able to develop coordination and agility skills. Coordination, between hand and eye, in shooting games the character is able to run and shot at once, this requires coordinating the brain’s interpretations and reactions with the player’s movements and thoughts. Research has also shown that players can learn spatial, iconic and visual attention from the skills on video games. In the game the player needs to pay attention to the different situations and the different objects that are on a scene because they might need them later on; the player should be able to notice all those little details as well in the real world. Teens are able to make guesses and test their hypotheses about the different situations presented. They start taking more risks, through those gaining experiences, which in the psychologists’ point of view is good because the consequences they could be having in real life they are experiencing them through a video game. Experiencing the games it’s better than them taking those situations to r eality; it would be dangerous to people. Violent video games also help with team work, especially those online games in which the player is able to create alliances or teams to accomplish a mission. The player learns how to play their role in the team work and how to distribute work. They learn how working as a team can be better than working alone, how it makes things simpler. The player is also able to view situations from a different perspective; they may switch roles and experience harder jobs than theirs. They are realizing how hard accomplishing something, because there are always different obstacles that get in the way. Video games are also a way to release stress, especially for kids who don’t practice sports. It gives them a type to deviate their attention from what could be going wrong in their lives. Video games may have a positive aspect, this also depends on the orientation teens have from parents if parents guide kids in order for them to understand that video games are not reality and that they can’t do all the things they do in video games, like killing someone, teens will react appropriately to violent types of video games because they’ll know to differentiate right from wrong; it may even help them to react to certain situations better. First Changes: The most known change in behavior is an increase in aggressiveness. â€Å"Playing video games may increase aggressive behavior because violent acts are continually repeated throughout the video game. This method of repetition has long been considered an effective teaching method in reinforcing learning patterns.† (Anderson Gentile, 2003) [7] This reaction may not mean that they will be provoking fights, in the weaker of the cases the teen will react harshly to situations, such as a lecture from their parents or an insult from anyone. In a stronger case the teen might react violently to strong situations he or she might be facing. How much is enough? External factors Does it affect the family? Possible solutions Brands which are considered the most addicting Bibliography: American Society of Addiction Medicine. Definition of Addiction. (2014). http://www.asam.org/for-the-public/definition-of-addiction>. Web. (Jan 24, 2014). Goldstein, Jeffrey. Violent Video Games. PDF. (Feb 23, 2014). http://intra.iam.hva.nl/content/1213/propedeuse/maatschappij_en_interactie/lesprogramma/Jeffrey-Goldstein-Violent-Videogames.pdf> Norcia, Andrea. Parents and Teachers: The Impact of Video Games.August (2013). http://www.pamf.org/parenting-teens/general/media-web/videogames.html>. Web. (Dec. 28/2013). Runge, Paul. Video Games Represent The Most Powerful (and Potentially Dangerous) Era in Storytelling. (Oct. 21/2013) http://www.huffingtonpost.com/paul-runge/video-game-violence_b_4067069.html>. Web. (Feb. 23/2014). The Entertainment Sofware Association. Sales and Democratic Usage Data: Essential Facts about Computer and Video Games Industry. (2013). http://www.theesa.com/facts/pdfs/ESA_EF_2013.pdf>. PDF. (Feb.22, 2014) f) The Oxford Dictionary. Video Game, meaning. Web. http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/video-game>. (Feb. 23/2014). g) Violent Video Games: Psychology Expert Finds Numerous Health Benefits in Gaming. (September 24, 2013). http://www.examiner.com/article/violent-video-games-psychology-expert-finds-numerous-health-benefits-gaming>>. Web.(Jan 29, 2014). Jenkins, Henry. How Computer Games Help Children Learn: An Interview With David Williamson Shaffer.. Interview. Web. (Jan 25, 2007).http://henryjenkins.org/2007/01/an_interview_with_david_schaff.html>. (Feb. 23/2014). [1] Entertainment Software Association ®, Essential Facts, 2013 http://www.theesa.com/> [2] The Oxford Dictionary, Video Games [3] Jenkins, Henri. How Computer Games Help Children Learn: An Interview With David Williamson’s Shaffer [4] American Society of Addiction Medicine.http://www.asam.org/for-the-public/definition-of-addiction> [5] American Society of Addiction Medicine.http://www.asam.org/for-the-public/definition-of-addiction> [6] Kuniak, Steve. http://www.examiner.com/article/violent-video-games-psychology-expert-finds-numerous-health-benefits-gaming> [7] Gentile, Anderson. http://www.pamf.org/parenting-teens/general/media-web/videogames.html>.

A Mans Nightmare Essay -- Character Analysis, Swift, Celia

Jonathan Swift’s poem, â€Å"A Lady’s Dressing Room,† represents a man’s love for a woman as the author, Strephon, and audience explore the happenings inside a woman’s bedroom. Like many other men, Strephon is an obsessed lover whose vision of women is distorted by eighteenth century radical ideals of love and beauty. While the poem is a satire, Swift tries to establish that love is blind and presents that love is only based on beauty of women. By introducing an idealistic lover into a realistic environment, he examines the disturbing end results as Celia falls from her godlike state. As she is humanized, Swift successfully demolishes the ridiculous fantasies of love and beauty, and men are also able to see more clearly behind the clothing and make-up. In â€Å"A Lady’s Dressing Room,† Swift exposes the contradiction between idealized love created by eighteenth century society and reality, as he forces Strephon see past Celia’s faà §ade by investigating Celia’s dressing room and discovering traumatizing facts as well as disillusioning him with the help of Swift’s vivid description. Swift represents love as impractical and unnatural in his satire in order to mock eighteenth century society because of their obsession with love and beauty. Initially, Swift begins by referring to Celia as a â€Å"goddess from her chamber†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (ln 1) in order to mock the glorification women tend to receive from men. Also, Celia spends â€Å"five hours†¦in dressing† (ln 2-3). He attacks and ridicules the idealizations of love and beauty because women were seen as gorgeous goddesses and their beaus idolize them to no end. Women also spend an inordinate amount of time attempting to make themselves beautiful and well dressed, but they actually spend little time trying to conceal t... ..., Swift only attempts to demolish the romantic ideals of women and beauty produced from the eighteenth century society. He wants to reveal the reality that mankind is imperfect and love only blinds these blemishes. And, the only way to illustrate reality to the public is to reduce women to most simple yet repulsive bodily functions that equalize both men and women. As society places more prominence on idealized love, Swift criticizes these false idealizations and exposes the truth to the public through his poetic satire. According to Swift, eighteenth century love is more of an infatuation with women and beauty as both tend to obsess over first impressions of appearances. As proved by Strephon invading Celia’s room, Jonathan Swift only further emphasizes that love is not solely based upon physical appearances because even looks, most especially, can be deceiving.

Shakespeare’s Powerful use of Characterization in The Tempest Essay

Shakespeare’s Powerful use of Characterization in The Tempest In The Tempest, Shakespeare investigates the process of creativity as well as the idea that knowledge is equivalent to power. The Bard draws on both Christian and Aristotelian philosophy to support the premise that morality and creativity are made possible only through the acquisition of knowledge. The characters of Prospero, Ariel, Caliban, and Miranda each represent a different factor in the creative process: knowledge, creativity, medium, and final product, art. Yet they represent something else, as well: the deep divide between the social classes. The same imagery used to illustrate the creative process is used to support the European class system and the subjugation of the native peoples of the new world. Prospero as Knowledge Prospero symbolizes the first step in the creative process. He is knowledge, thought, and idea (Neilson 105). It was his idea to bring about the storm that would bring the ship to the island, facilitating the reconciliation between himself, his brother, and the king. Through his scheming, Miranda and Ferdinand met and became betrothed. Yet his ideas could not be put into effect without the help of Ariel (103). Ariel was freed by Prospero, and became his instrument. Neilson writes, "Prospero thinks-plans, but cannot practice. He needs a working agent to carry out his schemes" (105). Caliban, Prospero's wayward servant, warns the co-conspirators in his plot to kill Prospero, "Remember/First to possess his books, for without them/He's but a sot as I am, nor hath not/One spirit to command" (3.2.86-89). Without the knowledge he has gained from his books, Prospero would have no more power than Caliban. Prospero is a magician, yet h... ...om/servlet/LitRC Johnson, W. Stacy. "The Genesis of Ariel." Shakespeare Quarterly. 11.3 (July 1951): 205-210. Rpt. in Shakespeare for Students. Book II. Literature Resource Center. Gale Group. Payson Lib., Malibu. 20 Feb. 2001. http://www.galenet.com/servlet/LitRC Jones, Norman. "Shakespeare's England." A Companion to Shakespeare. Ed. David Scott Kastan. Oxford: Blackwell, 1999. 25-42. Lee, Sir Sidney. "Caliban's Visits to England." Cornhill Magazine. 201 (March 1913): 333, 341-45. Rpt. in Caliban. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea, 1992. 19-23. Martz, William J. The Place of the Tempest in Shakespeare's Universe of Comedy. Kansas: Coronado P, 1978. Neilson, Francis. Shakespeare and the Tempest. Rindge, NH: Smith, 1956. Skura, Meredith Anne. "The Case of Colonialism in the Tempest." Caliban.. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Chelsea, 1992. 221-241.

Disjunction of Senses in Modern City Life

Disjunction of Senses in Modern City life In his chapter â€Å"City Life and the Senses,† John Urry discusses how the senses system operates in â€Å"open societies† of streams of crowds in open space. The five senses are comprised by the visual, auditory, touch, taste, and olfactory. Urry views visuality as an ambivalent force that is prioritized above the other sense through the developments of centuries and somewhat abused by as visual sense becomes increasingly accelerated in the city life dominated by technology.The imbalance in the sensed environment is magnified by the physical natures of the senses themselves, but the inexpedience in this discrepancy is a product of civilization, implying that visuality and other senses are capable of interacting collaboratively under a hierarchy for a city life that â€Å"plays to all the senses. † The innate features of eyes provide the power for the visual sense. Light travels almost instantaneously while other mediums , like voice, are air-borne. Signals emitted by the sender are instantaneously received by the viewer.While sound and scent can collect their input from all directions and frequencies, sight is focused and specified. Urry mentions Simmel’s argument that â€Å"the eye is a unique ‘sociological achievement’† which â€Å"produces extraordinary moments of intimacy. † Uninterrupted interactions between the eyes carry â€Å"the history of their life and †¦the times dowry of nature. † These characteristics allows â€Å"the eye to [objectify] and [master]† more than the other senses. One could choose to close his eyes when the objects do not reach the expectation.Thus, vision possesses a seemingly superior ability to judge objects from specified angels. Another nature of the eye is that it can act as a delicate measuring tool that collects a vast amount of information. As Urry shows, the eye â€Å"sets a distance, and maintains a distanc e. † Consequently, this capacity to carry and discharge information â€Å"enables the world to be controlled at a distance, combining detachment and mastery† and communication between individuals â€Å"produces the ‘most complete reciprocity’ of person to person, face to face. In addition, Technology adds a new dimension to the existing complexity of visual dominance in the spatiality of sense. The implementation of modern technologies further enlarges the prioritizing of vision. Urry writes that â€Å"vision was given an especially powerful role in the modern era. † Cell phones, emails, and video chatting messengers, like Skype connect people wirelessly. Touch and smell no longer factor into the interactions such that it is no longer necessary for the physical presence of a person for communication.People seek increasingly greater standards for technologies that appeal to the visual sense. Modern innovations, for example, have advanced television f rom black-and-white to color to LED display to plasmid and recently to HDTV for ever improved visual experience. In contrast, there have been few advances in the auditory capabilities of modern inventions. The radio remains mostly unchanged through the past half century. The contrast between technological advances caters again to an assumed superiority of vision over the other sense. However, visuality has its limitations.We have abused the bestowed privilege while the human activities in modern society favor the development of visual sense. â€Å"According to Urry, â€Å"the city both is fascinated with, and hugely denigrates, the visual. † The moment the look dominates, the boy loses its materiality. † The mind becomes biased and receives false information about the truth as our eyes are more involved in working and recreational activities. For example, when shopping for luxury commodity, without â€Å"touching,† people sometimes believe in their visual judgme nt of the authenticity of the product.Besides, the eye turns vulnerable due to excessive usage. More and more people are optically corrected with glasses and contacts. Hand-free products grow multiplicatively popular thanks to its ability to dilution the burden of visual sense. Meanwhile, other senses are essential in that their importance is exemplified by the vast number of common expressions in daily speech. â€Å"Each sense gives rise to metaphors which attest to the relative importance of each within everyday life. People use expressions like â€Å"sounds good to me† and â€Å"it rings a bell,† attesting to the importance of the auditory realm. The auditory sense plays an important role in our learning process. From infancy, we are exposed mostly to sound while we are still â€Å"blind† about what is happening in the world. Then, we start to learn to talk by listening to our parents and are able to identify objects by connecting things we see with their au ditory equivalents. In school, lecturing is an indispensible portion of learning.Most students prefer learning from their instructors over reading the books and trying to understand the material. Furthermore, there are activities involving other senses that are insubstitutional by visuality. Music is a discipline in which visual sense is ineffective. Determining a keynote of melody, for some people, is an even more proficient mastery than visuality. Indeed, each division of the sensed system attempts to adapt to the evolving spatiality as the open societies become gradually civilized.Urry suggests that no matter which coordinates we use, â€Å"a threshold of effect of a particular sense which has to be met before another sense is operative. † This is not quite true. Multiple senses are certainly capable of coexisting in a parallel manner, and they should cooperate under a hierarchy between different senses. The concept â€Å"sensuous geography,† which connects together analyses of body, sense, and space,† should be introduced when examining the issue. The significance of the open societies is to encourage communication and mixture between senses and to achieve spatial complementarities.For instance, â€Å"sight is not seen as the noblest of the senses but as the most superficial, as getting in the way of real experiences that should involve other sense and necessitate much longer periods of time in order to be immerses in the site. † People have come up with approaches such that we can integrate the senses together to be truly reciprocal not within itself, but rather among the divisions to illustrate a decent understanding of city life that is composed. When someone visits a landscape, he or she can carry an electronic mobile auditory guide with them which plays an audio introduction of the spot.The device not only facilitates and enhances visual experience, but also alters the perception of the surrounding space for the tourist beca use â€Å"each sense contributes to people’s orientation in space. † Failure to do so may lead them to be insensitive and incapacitated. It is inevitable that the senses system has developed unequally as the open societies refine. Although visuality plays an essential role in city life, we ought not to overlook the rest of senses, such as previously discussed auditory sense. On the other hand, it is imperative to have a hierarchy for the five senses to operate cooperatively.Nevertheless, senses system may still remain stagnant in suburban cities, or closed societies, where people are not congested by technologies and crowds. Despite of their disparate spatiality and sensed environment, we shall consider the alternative account of sensing nature to assist our understanding of city life in open societies.Bibliography â€Å"City Life and the Senses. † Urry, John. A compaion to the city. Blackwell Publishing, 200. 388-397. Wikipeadia. 27 9 2008 <http://en. wikipe dia. org/wiki/Auditory_learning>.

Bernini

The Baroque period is emphasized by drama and staginess. The sculptor Bernie exemplifies this in his works. How does the coronary chapel exemplify drama and theatricality? Bernie designed every aspect take down to the last detail. What do you think of this vogue? Panoramic view (make it full screen) http// www. Phantasmagoria. Com/502/capital of Italy/Santa_Maria_Della_Aviators Some details http// www. Removable. It/Capped. HTML I really like Berings style and I revalue his attending to detail. The Coronary chapel service is very b reform on the inner from the virtual tour I took. I like that and I think this is on repose.He wanted an open themed chapel that allows weightlessness in because the light signals that this is an open prat and that you are welcome to come in. The bedight to me is also beautiful and I appreciate the designs he displayed. The focal point is right in the middle and the names on the fundament are concentric and move away from this point. Also every wall you find out at has some sort of pattern or color. It is a bit meet but I like it. It is labyrinthine and works very well for him. You commode spend all day looking at something new and that is the detail I like. Not many places built like a shot have this same detail.Once again with the glistering colors it is very welcoming. He draws your aid and wants you to come in and explore. The walls look to be stone and this gives it an earthy feel as well as an elegant flow. It looks to be rich and expensive and the artist did non cut any corners when they made this chapel. I like this and once again the attention for detail is amazing to me. The ceiling is evening covered to display their creativity and skill. pot come in Just to regain the beautiful stone walls and they know that this structure was built with the very best materials of this while as well as for today.

Tools of Exploitation Analysis

The impression/ documentary ask, call Tools of Exploitation, chronicles, analyzes and explains westbo under(a)n civilizations influence on African culture/livelihood throughout the spot of colonialism (the film covers the break ones back trade for a brief moment as swell) leading(a) to the novel day. Narrated by scholar/ origin Ali Mazrui, the film focuses on the usurping of Africas time to come say-so due to European powers stymying Africas growth for their ( westernmostern) admit gain (hence the urinate Tools of Exploitation Africa was apply for European gain).The film addresses mevery factors to why this has pick outn dictate scarce focuses mostly on sparing reasons as well as the sham justifications Europeans utilize to colonize the guileless. sensation of the themes the documentary covers was the false pretenses that Europeans claimed to justify the Colonization of Africa. During the other(a) 20th century (1900s), Northern and east Africa pacify had a per vasive slave culture. In the North, the remnants of the Ottoman Empire dummy up practiced slavery, while the Muslims were the responsible figureheads in the East.Following the centuries of trans-Atlantic slave trade between Europe, Africa, and the freshly World, Europe had abolished the practicing of slavery. In 1884, the European powers that be cal conduct for the Berlin Conference. Part of the concourse was to organize The Scramble for Africa. The term was used to describe the Wests proclivity to introduce themselves as administrators of the African real. One of the justifications for the assemblage/Europeans colonialism, was that the West had a duty to end the savageness of slavery still existing on the unpolluted through the Wests new found morality.Part of the Europeans plan for administration was also the fragmenting of Africa with schmalzy political boundaries. While this organized Africa in a convenient matter for the Europeans, it led to ethnic divisions/rivalries that ar still in existence today. One of the injustices of the Berlin Conference was that on that point were no African leaders invited to the conference how could Europe be making such important, influential decisions about a continents future, without consulting the people of that continent?The dish up while Europe had abolished slavery, the racism dating back to the days of slavery still existed. The conference in reality had no intention of freeing Africa of its negatives, but instead, exploited the circumstances/situations of Africa to enkindle the European commercialised machine. One of the overlying themes to which Europeans, again, falsely the confirm colonization of Africa, was through the concept of the duel gentlemans gentlemandate. The philosophy/idea/ formulate was created by English colonial forces ruler Lord Frederick Lugard.In a written testimony Lugard rationalizes colonizing Africa by claiming to utilize the continents resources in order to fuel European commercialization as well as facilitate Africas modernisation. The low gear half of the equation did come to actualisation Europe conveniently gained access to Africans resources (first pre-colonialism through slaves and gold, then later with mineral based resources during colonization). However, Europeans modernization of Africa was merely surface level.Africa was tending(p) infrastructure (roads), skyscrape-esque buildings, commercial items (clothes, recreational technologies) but the African continent was not given up the performer for long term industrialization to keep up with the world-wide economy. What does Africa derive from having Western fashion? Africa has outstanding-scale d sustaintowns, and business organization sectors, but what is the purpose when these buildings/businesses are provide by faulty electricity? The vessels of modernization were left by Europeans, but thither was no usableity or means of learning the vessels for modernization.While the West was industrializing, Africa was being fed a message of false growth. Africa never had a chance to develop a means of self-creation/production in the 20th century. A perfect example of this was cited in the film. The West African arena of Liberia is a large exporter of the raw material for rubber, which is a major commercial commodity in the global economy. However, Liberia itself does not have the means to replace the raw materials into the final product, meaning the country has to import (purchase) finished rubber from outside countries.Was not part of the White Mans burden and part of the duple Mandate, to uplift Africa through use of its own resources? How is it that one of the richest continents with regards to natural resources could not take the next step towards mechanization/commercialization with the aid of the West? Again, the emphatic process is that the West had no intention of aiding the continent in the first place. The economic shackles of colonialism were a pre-meditated, calculated attack on the development of Africa during the turn into the twentieth century.The lasting resolution has left Africa crippled hitherto at one time in modern times. With slavery, Africa already became under populated destroying a large potential for human development/ rise colonialism than hampered any immediate potential for industrial advancement in the continent. Now, modern day Africas urban areas/capitals have the appearance of forward-looking societies but are barely functional/beneficial as useful tools for mundane use (as Mazrui says, the buildings functions are quenched).What is even more disturbing is the similar behaviors exhibited by Asian countries (specifically) China in modern day Africa through a bearing of neo-colonialism. Various reports detail foreign Asian workers entering African countries to build infrastructure (roads, pipelines, hospitals, etc. ). In actuality, these foreign influences are building conduits to ship materials b ack to their own coutnry. Tools of Exploitation not only chronicled the economic handicaps and lies that fueled colonialism in 1900s the film also describes a similar innovation that modern emerging powers are author to employ as well